Getting started with 3D printing

CurriculumDT

Aug 4

3D printing is a rapidly growing technology that is having a major impact on education. In the classroom, 3D printing can be used to engage students, promote creativity, and support STEM learning.

Choosing a 3D Printer

There are a number of different 3D printers on the market, so it can be difficult to know which one is right for your classroom. Here are a few things to consider when choosing a printer:

Price: 3D printers can range in price from a few hundred pounds to several thousand.
Features: Some printers have features that are more suited for educational use, such as a large build volume or the ability to print in multiple materials.
Ease of use: 3D printers can be complex machines, so it is important to choose one that is easy to use for both you and your students. Watch and read reviews for the best “beginner” printers.

Types of Printer

Filament 3D printers use a heated nozzle to melt plastic filament, which is then deposited layer by layer to create a 3D object. Filament printers are relatively inexpensive and easy to use, making them a popular choice for beginners. However, they are not as precise as resin printers, and they can only print objects with a certain level of detail.

Resin 3D printers use a laser to cure liquid resin, which is then hardened to create a 3D object. Resin printers are more precise than filament printers, and they can print objects with a much higher level of detail. However, they are also more expensive and require more specialized safety equipment.

Finding 3D Models

Once you have chosen a printer, you need to find some 3D models to print. There are a number of websites where you can find free and paid 3D models, such as:

Thingiverse: https://www.thingiverse.com/
MyMiniFactory: https://www.myminifactory.com/
Cult3D: https://cults3d.com/en

Turning a Downloaded File into a Physical Object: Step-by-Step Guide

Now, let's dive into the detailed step-by-step process of turning a downloaded 3D model file into a physical object using both a filament-based 3D printer and a resin-based 3D printer.

Step 1: Downloading a 3D Model

Start by choosing a 3D model from websites like Thingiverse, MyMiniFactory, or Pinshape. Once you find a model that interests you and aligns with your educational goals, download the STL file to your computer. The STL file is the standard format used for 3D printing models.

Step 2: Slicing the Model (For Filament-based 3D Printers)

For filament-based 3D printers, you need to "slice" the 3D model to generate G-code, which is the set of instructions the printer understands. Follow these sub-steps:

Download Slicing Software: Install slicing software like Cura, PrusaSlicer, or Simplify3D, which is compatible with your 3D printer.
Import the STL File: Open the slicing software and import the downloaded STL file into the program.
Configure Printer Settings: Set parameters such as layer height, infill density, print speed, and support structures. These settings can affect the quality and strength of the final print.
Generate G-code: Once you're satisfied with the settings, click "Slice" to generate the G-code file.

Step 2: Preparing the Printer (For Resin-based 3D Printers)

For resin-based 3D printers, the process is different as they use liquid resin instead of filament. Here's how to prepare the printer:

Choose the Right Resin: Select a suitable resin based on the requirements of your model (e.g., color, strength, flexibility).
Level the Build Plate: Follow the printer's instructions to ensure the build plate is level. This step is crucial for successful resin printing.
Pour Resin: Carefully pour the selected resin into the printer's resin tank. Be sure not to exceed the recommended level.

Step 3: Printing the Model

Now that you have the G-code (for filament-based printers) or the printer is ready with the resin (for resin-based printers), it's time to start printing:

For Filament-based 3D Printers:

Load Filament: Load the filament into the printer's filament spool holder. Make sure the filament is correctly inserted into the printer's extruder.
Start Printing: Use an SD card or USB connection to transfer the G-code to your 3D printer. Initiate the print from the printer's interface and watch as it brings your model to life layer by layer.

For Resin-based 3D Printers:

Slice and Transfer: Use your slicer software (specifically designed for resin printers) to prepare the model and generate the necessary file format (often .photon or .cbddlp). Transfer the file to the printer using an SD card or USB connection.
Start Printing: On the printer's interface, navigate to the file you just transferred and select it to start the printing process. The printer will use UV light to cure the resin, creating the object layer by layer.

Step 4: Post-Processing

Once the printing is complete, your model might require some post-processing:

For Filament-based 3D Prints:

Remove the Print: Gently remove the print from the print bed, using a spatula or other suitable tools, depending on the printer's design.
Remove Support Structures (if applicable): If your model has support structures, carefully remove them to reveal the final object.

For Resin-based 3D Prints:

Remove the Print: Carefully remove the build plate from the printer.
Rinse the Print: Rinse the printed object in a container of isopropyl alcohol to remove any excess resin.
Cure the Print: Cure the print using a UV light source to strengthen and solidify the object further.

Post-Processing

Once the printing is complete, you may need to do some post-processing to the object. This may involve removing support structures, sanding the object, or painting it.

Safety

It is important to use 3D printers safely in the classroom. Some safety tips include:

Supervise students when they are using 3D printers.
Provide adequate ventilation in the classroom.
Follow the manufacturer's instructions for using the printers.
Dispose of waste materials properly.

3D printing is a powerful tool that can be used to engage students, promote creativity, and support STEM learning. If you are a teacher who is new to 3D printing, I hope this post has given you some practical advice on how to get started. Leave a comment below or get in touch if you have further questions.

Technical terms explained:

3D Printing: A process of creating three-dimensional objects from a digital file using additive manufacturing techniques.
Filament: The material (usually plastic) used in 3D printing to build the object layer by layer.
Build Volume: The maximum size of an object that a 3D printer can create.
CAD Software: Computer-Aided Design software used to create digital 3D models for 3D printing.
STEM: Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics.

Matthew Lane